Transformations and Challenges of Latin American Neighborhood Units: Case Study of Santa Marina, Callao (1950–2025)
Authors
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Fiorella Margarita Mechato Lara
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Perú.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-8627
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José Carlos Hayakawa Casas
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Perú.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-2151
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Abstract
This article analyzes the transformations and challenges of Latin American neighborhood units through the case study of the Santa Marina Neighborhood Unit (1950–2025), an emblematic example of modern urban planning in Callao, Peru. The study adopted a qualitative approach with a longitudinal design, integrating perspectives from history, urban planning, and social perception. As convergent research, three techniques were employed for data collection and analysis: documentary analysis, semi- structured interviews, and direct observation. The results demonstrate that, despite densification and loss of formal homogeneity, Santa Marina maintains a legible urban structure and enduring use value. Comparative analysis with Latin American cases reveals that the sustainability of modern habitat depends on spatial resilience and community self-management. The conclusions support a resilient co-management model in which the community, academia, and local government actively participate in the social use of modern heritage, providing it with vitality and meaning.
